Aflatoxin-producing potential of communities of Aspergillus section Flavi from cotton producing areas in the United States
نویسنده
چکیده
Communities of AsputillU$ ~on F1l1Vi rnident in soils planted with collon were com~ among ~erll ueu in the KNthem United St..tes. lnddmce of A flauus .and A tllmtlrii differed .among uus. A f/arNS inddmce inl;rustd with ttmptr.ltuce .and d~eutd with latitude. Less thin 1" of lsol..18 were A I'IDmiUl or A JMIroaititwS. A f/arNS isolates wtte usigntcf to eithn Ihe S or L slniN on the b.lsis of K1ttoti.al morphology. S stnin isolales produced n\ltntrous sm.aII « 400 IMfI) sdttOtU.; L stmn isolales produced fev.·er, luger scIerotiL The S stnin of A j/Ruus was found in ..n urn. Afl.atoxin-proclucing potenti.al of A flaVI'S differed AmOng ueu .and w.., cOrTel..ttd with S slnin incideflCf:. L slr..in isol..les produced only JJ% .I, much .lll.aloxfn 81 .as S slnin isolate.. No S strain isol..le produced both afl..toxin 81 .and afultoxin GI• COrTel..tions indicated that L strain toxigenicity bul not S strain toxigenicity varied geographically. While toxigenicities of most isolalrs were stable through single conidial tr.ansfer. 18% of isolates expressed allered levels of toxigenicity after tr.ansfer. The obsrtvrd differences unong communities m..y refled geogTaphic lsolalion .and/or ..d.pt..Hon. .anc:I m..y cause different vulner..bilitin to .n..toxin contamin..tion unong crop' pl.anted in diverse locations.
منابع مشابه
Aspergillus parasiticus communities associated with sugarcane in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas: implications of global transport and host association within Aspergillus section Flavi.
In the Rio Grande Valley of Texas (RGV), values of maize and cottonseed crops are significantly reduced by aflatoxin contamination. Aflatoxin contamination of susceptible crops is the product of communities of aflatoxin producers and the average aflatoxin-producing potentials of these communities influence aflatoxin contamination risk. Cropping pattern influences community composition and, ther...
متن کاملAspergillus section Flavi community structure in Zambia influences aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut
Aflatoxins are cancer-causing, immuno-suppressive mycotoxins that frequently contaminate important staples in Zambia including maize and groundnut. Several species within Aspergillus section Flavi have been implicated as causal agents of aflatoxin contamination in Africa. However, Aspergillus populations associated with aflatoxin contamination in Zambia have not been adequately detailed. Most o...
متن کاملDistribution of Aspergillus section Flavi in soils of maize fields in three agroecological zones of Nigeria
Fungal communities in soils of Nigerian maize fields were examined to determine distributions of aflatoxin-producing fungi and to identify endemic atoxigenic strains of potential value as biological control agents for limiting aflatoxin contamination in West African crops. Over 1000 isolates belonging to Aspergillus section Flavi were collected from soil of 55 Nigerian maize fields located in t...
متن کاملTwo new aflatoxin producing species, and an overview of Aspergillus section Flavi
Aspergillus subgenus Circumdati section Flavi includes species with usually biseriate conidial heads, in shades of yellow-green to brown, and dark sclerotia. Several species assigned to this section are either important mycotoxin producers including aflatoxins, cyclopiazonic acid, ochratoxins and kojic acid, or are used in oriental food fermentation processes and as hosts for heterologous gene ...
متن کاملEvaluation of the aflatoxin biosynthetic genes for identification of the Aspergillus section Flavi.
Several fungi in the Aspergillus section Flavi have been widely used for fermentative food production, while some related species in the section are known to produce mycotoxin(s) that causes mycotic diseases. Common evolutionary markers, such as rRNA gene sequences and their internal transcribed spacers, cannot differentiate these non-aflatoxin-producing species from aflatoxin producers. Multil...
متن کامل